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Model · Missiles / Ballistic missiles

S-300 and S-400 against ground targets

S-300 and S-400 surface-to-air missiles that Russia fires at cities like ballistic missiles: warhead, ground range, and why only seconds pass from launch to impact.

Speed
up to ~7,500 km/h
Warhead
130–​180 kg
Cost
~$215,000

According to open sources; claimed and real figures may differ, and modifications may have others.

What it is

Russia uses surface-to-air missile systems, built to shoot down aircraft, to strike ground targets: the missile flies a ballistic trajectory to preset coordinates. According to Militarnyi, this is done with 5V55 missiles from the S-300 system and 48N6 missiles from the S-400. In January 2023, Kyiv was struck with S-400 missiles fired from over 200 km away.

What it means for you

The S-300's range against ground targets is short, so it is used mainly against cities near the border and the front line, and there is little time from launch to impact. On our map this is a ballistic threat. If there is a threat, go to a shelter immediately, without waiting for a marker.

Specifications

Warhead
5V55 (S-300): 130 kg; 48N6: 145–180 kg depending on the version[1]
Range against ground targets
estimated at 100–120 km for the 5V55; S-400 against Kyiv: over 200 km[1]
Speed
48N6 missile after launch: up to 2,100 m/s; S-400: 2,100–2,500 m/s[1]

What to do

  1. 1When you hear the “Air raid alert!” signal, go to the nearest shelter at once. Find out in advance where it is near your home and work.
  2. 2If you cannot reach a shelter, move to a room without windows and follow the “two walls” rule.
  3. 3Agree with your family on what to do and where to meet if the phone network or the power goes down.

A marker on our map may appear late or not at all. Go by the siren, not by the map.

State Emergency Service of Ukraine. What to do when the “Air raid alert!” signal sounds (in Ukrainian)checked 2 Oct 2026

How it looks on our map

Movement

No course

Marker lives

2–5 min

  • The marker does not rotate: for this type the map shows no course.
  • If there are no new reports about the target, the marker closes after 2–5 min.

Sources

  1. 1

    Militarnyi

    The ballistic threat: using S-300/400 air defence systems to strike ground targetschecked 2 Oct 2026
  2. 2

    Forbes Ukraine

    A $200,000 “Shahed” and a pricey Kh-101: how much Russia's long-range weapons cost, according to HURchecked 2 Oct 2026
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